Triethylene glycol (1993)
Abstract
Triethylene glycol was irritant to the eyes of humans and rabbits, and slightly irritant to the skin of rabbits. When in solution, it did not cause skin sensitization in a volunteer study. Acute oral and dermal toxicity in rodents and rabbits was low with the kidney being identified as a target organ in rodents. On repeated administration, slight blood effects occurred in monkeys treated orally and in rats given subcutaneous injections. In rodents given repeated oral doses, increases in liver and kidney weight were reported in Western studies, whereas Soviet investigations found effects on the testes, liver, kidney, gastrointestinal tract and the oestrous cycle. Some evidence of weak foetal toxicity was seen in rats and mice given triethylene glycol orally. Soviet studies found foetal abnormalities in rats treated by stomach tube. Triethylene glycol given by stomach tube in Soviet experiments produced chromosome damage, sperm abnormalities and dominant lethal mutations in rats. Mutagenicity was reported in a Western laboratory in an Ames bacterial test. In a limited study, repeated oral administration to rats gave no evidence of carcinogenicity.
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