Bisphenol A (1996)
Abstract
Eye, nose, throat and skin irritation and a number of cases of skin sensitization and photosensitization have been recorded in man. Bisphenol A was a mild skin irritant and a severe eye irritant in rabbits. Inflammation of the nasal passages occurred in rats exposed by inhalation. In acute studies in laboratory animals a low oral and dermal toxicity was indicated. Mild liver effects in mice and bladder changes in rats were found in studies involving repeated oral administration. Other target sites identified in laboratory animals given multiple exposures by various routes included the blood, spleen, kidney and lungs. Long-term feeding studies found marginally more tumours of the blood and lymphatic system in rats and mice given bisphenol A than in untreated animals but this was not considered conclusive evidence of carcinogenicity. DNA adducts were formed in the tissues of rats following single intraperitoneal injection or repeated oral administration and following treatment of rat DNA preparations. In general, no genotoxic potential was seen in a range of other screening studies, including Ames bacterial tests. Oral studies found no reproductive toxic potential in rats, whereas in mice, foetal toxicity and reduced fertility were seen. Foetal toxicity and foetal malformations occurred in pregnant rats treated by intraperitoneal injection. Bisphenol A has demonstrated oestrogen-mimicking properties in rats treated by various routes and in human cells in culture.
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