Toluene-3,4-diamine and toluene-2,3-diamine (1995)
Abstract
3,4-TDA was irritating to the skin of guinea-pigs and the eyes of rabbits, while a mixture of 2,3- and 3,4-TDA was irritating to the skin and eyes of rabbits. Both 3,4-TDA and a mixture of the two isomers have caused skin sensitization in humans. The acute oral and dermal toxicity of a 2,3-/3,4-TDA mixture was moderate (in rats and rabbits, respectively). Gastro-intestinal ulcers (in the duodenum and stomach) have been produced in rats given 3,4-TDA either by injection or repeated oral administration. Reproductive effects amongst small numbers of workers exposed to an unspecified isomer of TDA and to dinitrotoluene were not confirmed by subsequent studies in larger groups of exposed workers. A mixture of 3,4-TDA and 2,3-TDA was foetotoxic to rats when administered orally during pregnancy (at doses that were not overtly toxic to the mothers), and to rabbits at maternally toxic doses. No treatment-related foetal malformations were seen in either species. 2,3-TDA did not induce chromosomal damage when injected into mice. 3,4-TDA has shown evidence of activity in a number of genotoxicity assays including the Ames bacterial test and the mammalian cell transformation test.
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