Our work
The use of toxicity data on a structurally-similar compound to evaluate a substance that has been inadequately tested – the so-called “read-across” approach – is a crucial part of the toxicologist’s skill set. Exploiting read-across can minimise the number of new tests conducted on vertebrate animals, while still ensuring that chemicals are safe for workers and the general population. We have been routinely using read-across in our hazard and risk assessments for many years, and have often incorporated it into the REACH regulatory submissions we have prepared.
Read-Across and REACH
Read-across is one of the key options described in the EU REACH regulation for deviating from the standard information requirements. ECHA have published guidance on using read-across in REACH dossiers, which sets out the standards that have to be met. We have extensive experience of drafting read-across justification reports to these requirements, including preparing a data matrix, and advising on potential in silico or in vitro testing that could be used to support a read-across strategy.
Approaches
There are two general approaches to read-across. In the first, data from a small number of “analogues” are used to fill data gaps in the target compound (by extrapolation). The other approach is the “category” approach, where a trend is predicted in a structurally-related group of substances. In this approach, data gaps are filled by interpolation.
Scenarios
ECHA guidance on read-across establishes a number of scenarios. In general, these can be divided into those where compounds are predicted to be transformed or broken down (e.g. by metabolism) to common compounds, and those where compounds are predicted to interact with the same biological target. We have a wide range of experience drafting read-across justifications for both of these scenarios.
Some of our case studies in this area
Knowledge is key. Part 2: The bibra TRACE database (and supporting databank)
Blog articles
In Part 1, Peter Watts gave a potted history of his personal early experience in literature searching and toxicity data identification. Along with our colleagues of the same 'fine vintage', he weathered the storms of change, progressing from a time of back-strain (from carrying huge texts around) and index finger wear (turning pages) to dial-up and then to web-based searching. With your indulgence, Pete would now like to expand a little regarding TRACE and its value to clients and the bibra toxicologists.
Knowledge is key. Part 1: Toxicity literature searching, a personal history
Blog articles
Our Toxicology Director, Peter Watts, has written a very interesting article focussing on toxicity literature searching, from his own perspective (having been at bibra for 40+ years)
An overlooked aspect of organophosphorus compound neurotoxicity
Blog articles
Organophosphorus compounds (OPs) are widespread in both the natural and industrial worlds. Being major components of DNA and cell membranes, their diverse chemical properties are fundamental for the biology of life. But they also find uses in a range of anthropogenic applications, for example, as flame retardants, plasticisers, antioxidants and, perhaps most famously, as pesticides.
Some industries we work in
REACH
We are a leading supplier of REACH compliance services, assisting chemical manufacturers, importers and downstream users comply with their REACH Regulation responsibilities.
Pharmaceuticals
Our team is adept at preparing critical toxicological reports - we regularly provide assessments of novel or unexpected impurities, excipients and other intentionally-added substances, and extractables and leachables.
Extractables + Leachables
We provide valuable support to the pharmaceutical, medical device and processing equipment industries by producing screening reports and, if warranted, full risk assessment reports relating to extractables and leachables (E&L).
