Acetamide, when given by repeated oral administration, induced liver tumours in rats and tumours of the lymphatic system in mice. DNA damage was seen in various tissues when mice were treated by injection. However, there was no convincing evidence of chromosome damage in mice exposed orally or by injection, and mutagenicity was not induced in bacterial Ames tests.
Foetal toxicity and malformations were reported in rabbits given acetamide orally during pregnancy at maternally toxic doses. In rats treated by repeated oral administration various liver abnormalities and possible thyroid effects were reported, whereas in mice, the spleen, thymus and lymph nodes were the principal target organs. Acetamide was generally of low acute oral toxicity in rodents, although high doses affected the central nervous system. Injection studies in rats, mice and rabbits produced effects on the liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs, central nervous system and blood.
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