Orange oil (1998)
Abstract
Orange oil was a skin irritant in laboratory animals and probably also in humans. A weak sensitizing potential was seen in guinea pigs, and a number of patch test responses have been reported in humans (although a volunteer study involving repeated exposures to a dilute solution identified no sensitizing potential). A low acute oral and dermal toxicity was indicated in laboratory animals. In mice, orange oil given by stomach tube produced forestomach tumours, but when administered in the diet, it reduced the carcinogenic action of established carcinogens. There was no convincing evidence of local carcinogenicity on repeated application to the skin of mice, but when applied to the skin it was able to promote the action of a skin carcinogen. In a limited range of genotoxicity assays, orange oil demonstrated mutagenicity in mammalian cells in culture but did not induce chromosomal damage. There was no evidence of mutagenic potential in Salmonella typhimurium bacteria (in the Ames test).
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